Proton-induced X-ray emission analysis of atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid bifurcation |
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Authors: | M Peltomaa K Mattila J Wolf M Hyvönen-Dabek |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Dental Radiology, University of Helsinki, Mannerheimintie 172, Helsinki 30, Finland;(2) Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Mannerheimintie 172, Helsinki 30, Finland;(3) Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Mannerheimintie 172, Helsinki 30, Finland |
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Abstract: | The trace elements of both calcified atherosclerotic plaques and plaque-free vessel walls of the carotid bifurcation from
31 autopsies were investigated using the proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method. The trace elements studied were phosphorus
(P), calcium (Ca), chrome (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), bromine (Br), strontium (Sr),
and rubidium (Rb). All samples contained Fe and Zn. Mercury (Hg) was not detected in any of the samples studied. All plaque-free
samples contained Cu and almost all Br and Ca, none Sr. All calcified atherosclerotic plaques contained Ca and almost all
Br and Sr. The relative levels of Ca were higher in the calcified plaques than in the plaque-free vessel walls. The relative
value of Ca in calcified and uncalcified samples was greatest in the group who had died because of cardiovascular disorders
and smallest in the group who had died from other causes. There was a strong positive correlation between the Ca and Sr of
the plaque samples and between the P and Br of the plaque-free samples. |
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Keywords: | Atherosclerosis PIXE |
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