多发性肌炎大鼠模型制作的对比

目的 为兔骨骼肌匀浆多点皮下注射制备多发性肌炎大鼠模型的方法探索最佳的实验对象和实验条件.方法 SD大鼠、Westar大鼠和Lewis大鼠根据品种、性别、免疫物剂量等因素分组建模,取股四头肌进行组织病理学检查,比较各组之间成模比例、死亡比例、肌肉病理评分等观察指标的差异.结果 ①三个大鼠品种中,Lewis大鼠模型成功率最高,且实验耐受性最好,相同免疫剂量组的死亡比例最低.②相同免疫剂量下雌性组的成模比例均高于雄性组,而肌肉病理评分在不同性别组之间差异不明显.③雌性Lewis大鼠中,注射兔骨骼肌匀浆蛋白剂量从8 mg/kg增加至10mg/kg时,成模比例及模型病理评分明显升高;但从10mg/kg增加至12 mg/kg时,成模比例及模型病理评分无明显变化,而大鼠死亡比例升高.④雌性Lewis成模大鼠中,免疫2周时即可见到骨骼肌纤维大小不一、横纹消失及核内移,免疫4～5周时可见骨骼肌纤维坏死、非坏死肌纤维及间质血管周围炎细胞浸润等典型病变,继续免疫至7周时骨骼肌病变未继续加重.结论 采用兔骨骼肌匀浆多点皮下注射方法制备多发性肌炎大鼠模型时,选择雌性Lewis大鼠作为实验对象,给予兔骨骼肌匀浆10mg/kg连续免疫5周可出现与人类多发性肌炎非常相似的骨骼肌病变,且成模比例高、死亡比例低,造模效果理想.

A Comparison of experiment conditions in establishment of a rat model of polymyositis

Objective To explore the best subjects and experimental conditions in establishment of a rat model of polymyositis.Methods SD,Wistar and Lewis rats were grouped according to line,sex and dosage of muscle homogenates.Homogenate of rabbit skeletal muscle prepared with Freund′s complete adjuvant was subcutaneously injected into rats for several times and the pathologic changes of quadriceps were assessed pathologically.Results In the three rat lines,Lewis rat models had the highest success rate and the lowest mortality rate.The female rats had higher success rate than the males at the same dose of muscle homogenates.Typical muscle lesions mostly occurred within 4-5 weeks.The medium dose of muscle homogenates was the most appropriate choice.Conclusions Female Lewis rats models of polymyositis can be developed by injection of medium dose of muscle homogenates for 4-5 weeks,with a high success rate and low mortality rate.This rat model presents similar lesions of human polymyositis,therefore,is ideal for research of this disease.