Detection of periodic patterns in RNA sequences: the first encapsidated region of the TMV RNA

A method is developed to study the periodic properties of nucleotide sequences allowing the favoured pattern of the repeating unit, as well as the length and localization of this periodic segment to be determined simultaneously. The degree of periodicity is evaluated calculating the probabilities for random occurrence of the maximal deviations of the nucleotide composition in each phase, making use of the binomial formula.The nucleotide sequence of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) RNA responsible for recognition of the homologous protein (“assembly origin”, AO) (Zimmern & Butler, 1977) was investigated in order to find periodic regions of primary structure which might be essential in the recognition process. As a result the most periodic segments of the AO consisting of 31 and 17 nucleotides corresponding to the schemes GAU or GA1 have been found. However, the periodicities in these regions do not exceed that expected for random sequences. It can be considered as an evidence that in addition to peculiarities of primary structure, some other features such as RNA secondary or tertiary structure are essential in this interaction.For comparison the nucleotide sequences of the other fragments of TMV RNA as well as MS2 RNA, TYMV RNA, 16S rRNA and phage fd DNA were investigated by the same method.