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Anticancer efficacies of doxorubicin,verapamil and quercetin on FM3A cells under hyperthermic temperature
Authors:Email author" target="_blank">Jeong?Beom?LeeEmail author  Jun?Sang?Bae  Jeong?Hwan?Choi  Joo?Hyen?Ham  Young?Ki?Min  Hun?Mo?Yang  Timothy?Othman  Kazuhiro?Shimizu
Institution:(1) Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 330-090 Cheonan, Korea;(2) Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, PO Box 208064, 06520-8064 New Heaven, CT, USA;(3) Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Nagasaki University, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan
Abstract:Hyperthermia (HT) in combination with anticancer drugs (ACDs) had proven to more efficacious in various cancers, although efficacies vary according to chemotherapeutic compounds and cancer types. Presently there are few data that compares anticancer efficacies among ACDs under hyperthermic conditions. Therefore, we selected three commonly used ACDs (quercetin, verapamil and doxorubicin) and compared their antitumor effects when each was treated with 43°C HT exposure. Firstly, FM3A, a murine breast cancer cell line, was treated with each ACD for 1 h followed by 43°C exposure for additional 1 h, and examined the effects of: 1) each drug, 2) 43°C HT exposure, and 3) the combination of each drug and 43°C HT exposure for 1, 6 and 24 h. The determined overall effects on FM3A cells were arrested cell proliferation, clonogenic efficiency and apoptosis. Pre-treatment of FM3A cells to each ACD followed by 43°C HT exposure produced greater antitumor effects including suppressed cell proliferation, reduced clonogenic efficiency and increased apoptotic cell death, compared to ACD treatment or HT exposure alone. Apoptotic cell death occurred in a time-dependent manner. Among the ACDs, antitumor efficacies varied in the order of doxorubicin > verapamil > quercetin. It was concluded that heat exposure during ACD treatment of caner cells may be an important factor to get a better antitumor benefit, even though this benefit may differ from one drug to another.
Keywords:hyperthermia  FM3A cells  anticancer drugs  apoptosis  cancer  cytotoxicity
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