Density and Spatial Distribution of Buffy-tufted-ear Marmosets (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Callithrix aurita</Emphasis>) in a Continuous Atlantic Forest |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Darren?NorrisEmail author Fabiana?Rocha-Mendes Renato?Marques Rodrigo?de?Almeida Nobre Mauro?Galetti |
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Institution: | 1.Laboratório de Biologia da Conserva??o, Departamento de Ecologia,Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP),Rio Claro,Brazil;2.Instituto Neotropical: Pesquisa e Conserva??o,Curitiba,Brazil |
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Abstract: | The continued degradation of forest habitats and isolation of fragmented populations means that the conservation of endemic
marmosets in the Brazilian Atlantic forest depends on human interventions including legal protection. Population monitoring
is required to ensure effective management and appropriate allocation of conservation resources; however, deriving estimates
of population metrics such as density within heterogeneous environments is challenging. We aimed to quantify the population
density and spatial distribution of buffy-tufted-ear marmosets (Callithrix aurita) in the northern region of Serra-do-Mar State Park. We incorporated habitat suitability as quantified by a niche modeling
algorithm (MAXENT) to refine density estimates obtained via distance methods. We used 6 environmental predictors to model
the distribution of Callithrix aurita and used the resulting MAXENT niche model to identify environmental conditions that represent suitable habitat for this species.
We used 877.7 km of line transect surveys and distance methods to derive estimates of 2.19 groups or 7.55 individuals/km2 from direct observations (n = 40), providing an overall population estimate of 1892 (95% CI = 1155–3068) individuals in 250.7 km2 of Atlantic forest. Our refined density estimate, obtained by combining distance methods and a niche model, yielded a result
of 1386 individuals. Suitable habitat was not uniformly distributed across the study area and was most strongly associated
with altitude and the type of vegetation cover. We provide a review of previous surveys and find this is the largest known
population of Callithrix aurita. Our refinement of density estimates provides a simple and informative addition to the primatologist’s toolbox. |
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