Neurological correlates of social behavior |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL;2. Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL;3. Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL;4. Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London, London, United Kingdom;5. Community Psychiatry Associates, Sacramento, CA;1. School of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, UK;2. Plymouth Marine Laboratory, UK;3. Wageningen University, The Netherlands;4. Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland;5. Deltares, The Netherlands;1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, P.O Box 5031, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands;2. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and Magnetoencephalography Center, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;4. Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom;5. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, P.O. Box 100256, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0256, United States;2. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Church St., Fl7, New Haven, CT, 06510, United States;3. Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, P.O. Box 100244, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0244, United States;4. Department of Psychology, University of Florida, United States;5. Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, United States;1. Department of Neuro-oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA;2. Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;3. Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Experimental evidence obtained over the past decade in nonhuman primates suggests that there are neural structures necessary for the maintenance of social bonds and affiliative behavior. These include the amygdaloid nuclei, which is the critical brain area, and two anatomically closely related cortical structures—the temporal pole and posterior medial orbital cortex. Bilateral ablation of any of the areas results in a syndrome that varies from a quantitative decrease in affiliative behavior in confined colonies to total social isolation in naturally free-ranging groups. Lesions of these areas in adult females are also incompatible with the maintenance of the maternal-infant bond, but operated infants thrive and are well cared for. Species-typical behavior will determine the response of group members to lesioned conspecifics, and may vary from attempts to reintegrate the affected subject to attack and ostracism.The amygdaloid nuclei are hypothesized to be essential to placing an emotional bias on sensory information; thus this brain area is sensitive to, and its function dependent on, the social/environmental context of ongoing behavior. Brain impairment per se, does not necessarily result in ostracism and may be compatible with maintenance of social bondings depending upon the neural structures involved, subject's affective state, communication ability, and species typical behaviors. Observations of brain-impaired humans closely parallel studies in nonhuman primates. |
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