Quantitative Analyses of Interbreeding in Populations of vannus-Morphotype Euplotes, with Special Attention to the Nominal Species E. vannus and E. crassus

ABSTRACT. Classical genetic techniques were applied to clonal cultures of the Euplotes vannus-crassus-minuta sibling species complex in an effort to provide some resolution to the species problem among these hypotrichs. Complex mating interactions were observed among clonal stock cultures derived from samples collected from sympatric and allopatric populations in a wide geographic survey. These results suggested that the classical model for the mating type inheritance and determination in these Euplotes is necessary but not sufficient to describe the mating mating interactions among populations of these ciliates. Successful conjugation between the nominal species E. crassus and E. vannus was observed routinely, and crosses between these two nominal species did not differ significantly from those among the other clonal stock cultures with respect to mating intensity and exconjugant survival. Data from backcrosses suggests that E. vannus and E. crassus can and do exchange genes. Based upon these data, we conclude that E. vannus and E. crassus comprise a single, highly polymorphic species with countless small populations, among which incomplete genetic exchange takes place.