粘细菌生物活性产物及其应用研究进展

粘细菌(myxobacteria)是一类具有多细胞群体行为特征的药源微生物类群。粘细菌能通过次级代谢产生大量结构新颖并具有生物活性的小分子天然产物，还能分泌种类、功能丰富多样的酶类。这些生物活性产物使粘细菌不仅具有重要的研究价值，还有广泛的应用前景。然而，资源挖掘困难、次级代谢产物得率低等制约因素的存在严重阻碍了粘细菌的研究和应用。本文主要对粘细菌的生物学特征、生物活性产物、生物合成调控及在医疗、农业和食品上的应用进行归纳总结，并结合已有成果对粘细菌研究存在的问题提出可能的对策和展望，为今后粘细菌的深入研究和资源开发利用提供参考。

Research progress in bioactive products of myxobacteria and their applications

Myxobacteria are a group of medical microorganisms showing complex multicellular behaviors. On one hand, they produce a variety of natural bioactive compounds with novel structures through secondary metabolism. On the other hand, they can secrete diverse functional enzymes. Therefore, myxobacteria are valuable for basic research and applications. However, the research on them has been impeded by the difficulties in resource mining and the low yield of secondary metabolites. This review introduces myxobacteria in terms of the biological characteristics, bioactive products, regulation on biosynthesis and applications in medicine, agriculture and food industry. Based on available results, the problems in the research on myxobacteria and the possible countermeasures are presented. This review is expected to provide reference for the in-depth research and the resource development and utilization of myxobacteria.