Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract on rat mandibular condyle |
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Authors: | Kojima K Maki K Tofani I Kamitani Y Kimura M |
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Institution: | Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyushu Dental College, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Japan. kimura-m@kyu-dent.ac.jp |
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Abstract: | We investigated the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) on bone formation by examining total and cortical bone mass, density, architecture, and strength non-invasively using mandibular condyles of Ca-restricted rats. Forty Wistar male rats, each 5 weeks old, were divided into control (C), low-Ca diet (LCaD), low-Ca diet-standard diet (LcaD x SD), and low-Ca diet x Estandard diet with supplementary GSPE (LcaD x SD+GSPE) groups. In LCaD x SD group, after the bone debility was induced by low-Ca diet, a standard diet therapy was given. In LCaD x SD+GSPE group, after the bone debility was induced by low-Ca diet, a standard diet therapy with supplementary GSPE was given. Each mandibular condyle was examined using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). There were no significant inter-group differences in body weight seen throughout the experimental period. In LcaD x SD+GSPE, cortical bone cross-sectional area and mineral content were not significantly different from C, while bone mineral content was significantly higher in LcaD x SD+GSPE than in LcaD x SD. Cortical bone density of LcaD x SD+GSPE was not significantly different from that of C, however, that value in LCaD and LcaD x SD was significantly lower than that. The cross-sectional (bending) moment of inertia values in LcaD x SD+GSPE were the highest among all groups, though they did not differ significantly from those in C. Further, the cross-sectional (bending) Stress/Strain Index (SSI) values in LcaD x SD+GSPE were statistically similar to those in C, however, not significant higher than in LcaD x SD. These results suggest that GSPE treatment would increase both bone mass and bone strength on the rat mandibular condyles. |
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