褐飞虱体内共生菌多样性研究进展

褐飞虱体内存在大量的共生菌，这些共生菌不但具有种类多样性，同时在对寄主的功能上也存在多样性。目前利用分子生物学手段以及高通量测序技术鉴定得到的测序丰度大于0.1%的共生真菌和共生细菌种类分属19和53个不同的属。由于技术的局限性和共生菌难以离体培养的特性，仍有相当部分共生菌分类地位尚未明确。共生菌在褐飞虱的生长、发育、繁殖、营养代谢、抗性变异以及免疫功能等生命活动中起着至关重要的作用，种类丰富的共生菌发挥着不同的功能。共生真菌主要参与固醇类物质和必需氨基酸的合成，而共生细菌则主要参与维生素的合成。共生菌在褐飞虱致害性变异、抗药性发展以及对宿主的繁殖等方面也都产生了重要的影响，但是具体的分子机制尚未明确。本文针对褐飞虱体内共生菌多样性研究概况进行综述，并对今后的研究侧重点提出了建议，后续研究可以聚焦于: (1)共生菌种类的鉴定；(2)特定、单一种类共生菌的功能；(3)共生菌在褐飞虱体内各组织间的扩散途径、扩散种类和调控机制；(4)以共生菌为靶标进行褐飞虱的防治等。

Research advances in the diversity of symbionts in the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

There are a large number of symbionts in the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, and these symbionts exhibit the diversity not only in their species but also in their functions on hosts. Up to now, 19 and 53 genera of symbiotic fungi and bacteria (sequencing abundance＞0.1%), respectively, have been identified by using molecular biological methods and high-throughput sequencing technology, but plenty of symbionts remain unknown in taxonomic status due to technical limitations and their unculturable characteristics. Symbionts play vital roles in the life activities of BPH including the growth, development, reproduction, nutritional metabolism, resistance variation and immune function, and various symbionts have different functions. The symbiotic fungi are mainly involved in the synthesis of sterols and essential amino acids, while the symbiotic bacteria mainly take part in the synthesis of vitamins. The symbionts have important influence on the virulence variation, the development of high resistance to insecticides and the reproduction of host BPH, but the molecular mechanisms have not yet been clarified. In this article we reviewed the diversity of symbionts of BPH and prospected the focal points of future research including the species identification of symbionts of BPH, the functional studies of specific and single species of symbionts, the diffusion pathway, diffusion species and regulatory mechanism of symbionts in different tissues of BPH, and the control of BPH using symbionts as targets.