燕麦草（Arrhenatherum elatius）多倍体复合体的等位酶多样性研究

对欧洲及地中海地区燕麦草复合体２７个居群的等位酸电泳调查表明，燕麦草复合体维持比较高的等位酶多样性（Ｈｅ＝０．４４７，Ａ＝３．２９），亚种间遗传分化较小（Ｇ（ＳＴ）＝０．０５３）；在四个亚种内，也维持着比较高的多样性（Ｈｅ：０．３２５—０．５３３），各亚种内的基因多样度主要存在于居群之内，居群间分化较小．四倍体的基因多样性高于二倍体的．燕麦草复合体内居群间基因流较高，表明燕麦草繁育方式主要为风媒远交．对Ｎｅｉ氏标准遗传距离的ＵＰＧＭＡ聚类结果表明，四倍体是从二倍体有鳞茎的ｓｓＰ．ｂａｅｔｉｃｕｍ中产生的．

ALLOZYME DIVERSITY IN POLYPLOID COMPLEX OF ARRHENATHERUM ELATIUS

A total of 27 populations of Arrhenatherum elatius collected from Europe and Mediterranean area were sampled and scored for electrophoretic variation at 3 loci.The level of genetic diversity was high in A. elatius and its four subspecies (He:0.3250.533). The total gene diversity in each subspecies was mainly maintained within populations.There were high gene flow estimates among populations (G(ST):0.035-0.1459). The tetraploid subspecies exhibited higher diversity than diploid subspecies. The result of UPGMA on Net's standard genetic distance showed that the tetraploid form was derived from the bulbiferous diploid plants.