橘黄裸伞子实体个体发育研究

采用石蜡切片法对不同发育时期橘黄裸伞的原基或幼子实体进行个体发育研究。结果表明:橘黄裸伞原基的第一个形态分化是下部边缘菌丝平行排列进行垂直生长,形成菌柄;然后边缘菌丝迅速向外生长,外菌幕形成,菌盖原基生长,在菌盖原基下部观察到菌褶腔,菌褶腔上部连续排列着栅栏细胞;在菌褶形成过程中,囊状体在尖端上聚集,说明菌褶的生长点在与菌盖组织相连的基部而不是尖端;内菌幕由内菌幕原基、菌盖边缘平行向下生长的菌丝和菌柄上部边缘平行向外生长的菌丝共同发育形成,由于内菌幕与菌柄组织的同源性,菌环不易脱落。橘黄裸伞属于半被果型中的双菌幕发育型,发育顺序表明其为菌柄发育型。

Fruiting Body Ontogeny of Gymnopilus spectabilis

Gymnopilus spectabilis was cultivated in the laboratory, the primordia and young fruiting bodies of different development periods were selected to conduct studies of ontogeny by paraffin wax microtome method. The development machanism of hemiangiocarp was extended, providing the basis for the studies of phylogeny and practical production. The results were as followed ： the first differentiation of primordium was the formation of stipe during periphery hyphae growing longithdinally of the primordial lower part. Then, margial hyphae growing outwardly formed universal veil tissue, the primordium of pileus was growing, in the lower part of which gill cavity was observed, on the apex of cavity was palisade layer. In the process of gill formation, cystidia were abundant on gill tip and scarce on the base and side, at the base of that gill growing point was the base linking with pileus tissue not the tip. Partial veil was formed by lipsanenchyma, marginal hyphae growing downwardly of pileus and the marginal hyphae growing upwardly of stipe, which grew together with stipe hyphae, so the annulus was difficult to drop. Gymnopilus spectabilis was bivelangiocarpous of hemiangiocarpous, according to development sequences it was stipitocarpous.