玛曲渔场几种裂腹鱼类消化道的形态结构与其食性的相互关系

本文对玛曲渔场几种裂腹鱼类消化道的大体形态及显微结构进行了观察与比较,并对其结构与食性的关系作了初步探讨,结果如下:(1)这几种裂腹鱼类消化道的大体形态同林浩然(1962)报道的鲤科鱼类者一致,但显微结构差异甚大。与Mohsin(1961)报道的G.giurus鱼的显微结构相似。(2)各种硬骨鱼类分泌粘液的细胞组成不同,这种组成与食性有关。食道上皮除复层鳞形上皮外,还有复层柱状上皮。食道肌层的纤维走向与肠部者相反。(3)鱼类消化道的形态结构与其食性一致,主要表现在口腔、咽、食道和肠的长短方面。肠的显微结构,几乎没有对特有食性的适应变化。  

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE ALIMENTARY CANAL AND THE FEEDING HABITS OF SOME SCHIZOTHORACINE FISH IN MAQU FISHING GROUND

The present paper described an investigation and comparison of morphological structures of the alimentary canal of the schizothoracinae fishes in the Maqu Fishing Ground and discussed the relationships between the morphological structures of their alimentary canal and feeding habits. The results are as follows: 1. The morphology of alimentary canal of these schizothoracinae fishes is essentially similar to that of other cyprinid fishes. However, their microscopic structures are not identical with those of other cyprinids, but are similar to those of Glossogobius giurus. 2. It is considered that the composition of the mucus-seoreting cells is different in different teleost species and is correlated with the feeding habits. In the oesophagus epithelium of teleosts, besides the generally known stratified epithelium, there is probably a columnar epithelium which is composed of two rows of columnar epithelial cells. 3. The adaptation of morphological structures of the alimentary canal to feending habits in these fishes is mainly reflected in the buccal cavity, pharynx, oesophagus and length of intestine etc. The microscopic structure of intestine does not show any peculiar adaptation to the feeding habits.