小麦秸秆水浸提液对五种植物化感作用的研究

该文研究了不同浓度的小麦秸秆水浸提液对徐州地区2种玉米(郑单958和农大108)和3种常见玉米田间杂草(马唐、稗草和反枝苋)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:当小麦秸秆浸提液浓度分别大于75、50和25 g·L~-1时,马唐、稗草和反枝苋种子的萌发受到显著的抑制;当小麦秸秆浸提液浓度分别大于50和37.5 g·L~-1时,玉米郑单958和农大108种子的萌发受到显著的抑制;但当小麦秸秆浸提液浓度大于37.5 g·L~-1时,马唐、稗草和反枝苋幼苗根和芽的生长均受到明显的抑制;当小麦秸秆浸提液浓度小于75 g·L~-1时,玉米郑单958和农大108幼苗根与芽的生长受到明显的促进,且郑单958幼苗叶片中叶绿素的含量以及郑单958的POD酶活性均得到提高。该研究结果表明较高浓度的小麦秸秆浸提液(50 g·L~-1)会抑制杂草的生长,有利于玉米郑单958的生长,为小麦秸秆还田和玉米田杂草的生态防治提供了理论基础。

Allelopathy of wheat straw aqueous extract on five kinds of plants

An experiment was carried out to explore effects of wheat straw aqueous extract on the seed germination and seedling growth of two kinds of maize(Zhengdan 958 and Nongda 108), large crabgrass(Digitaria sanguinalis), barnyard grass(Echinochloa crusgalli)and redroot amaranth(Amaranthus retroflexus). The results showed that when the concentration of wheat straw aqueous extract was respective over 75, 50 and 37.5 g·L^-1, the seed germination rates of large crabgrass, barnyard grass and redroot amaranth were inhabited, while the concentration was over 50 and 37.5 g·L^-1, the seed germination rates of Zhengdan 958 and Nongda 108 were inhabited; but the root and shoot length of large crabgrass, barnyard grass and redroot amaranth decreased obviously when the extract concentration was over 37.5 g·L^-1; while the concentration of wheat straw aqueous extract was under 75 g·L^-1, the root and shoot length of these two kinds of maize were improved obviously, meanwhile the content of chlorophyll and the POD enzyme activity of maize ZD958 were enhanced, and the higher concentration of wheat straw aqueous extract(50 g·L^-1)had an adverse impact on weeds growth, but it was good for the growth of maize Zhengdan 958.