Degradation of low rank coal by Trichoderma atroviride ES11 |
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Authors: | M Estela Silva-Stenico Caryn J Vengadajellum Hussnain A Janjua Sue T L Harrison Stephanie G Burton and Don A Cowan |
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Institution: | (1) Advanced Research Centre for Applied Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa;(2) Bioprocess Engineering Research Unit, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700 Cape Town, South Africa |
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Abstract: | A new isolate of Trichoderma atroviride has been shown to grow on low rank coal as the sole carbon source. T. atroviride ES11 degrades ∼82% of particulate coal (10 g l−1) over a period of 21 days with 50% reduction in 6 days. Glucose (5 g l−1) as a supplemented carbon source enhanced the coal solubilisation efficiency of T. atroviride ES11, while 10 and 20 g l−1 glucose decrease coal solubilisation efficiency. Addition of nitrogen 1 g l−1 (NH4)2SO4] to the medium also increased the coal solubilisation efficiency of T. atroviride ES11. Assay results from coal-free and coal-supplemented cultures suggested that several intracellular enzymes are possibly
involved in coal depolymerisation processes some of which are constitutive (phenol hydroxylase) and others that were activated
or induced in the presence of coal (2,3-dihydrobiphenyl-2,3-diol dehydrogenase, 3,4-dihydro phenanthrene-3,4-diol dehydrogenase,
1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene dehydrogenase, 1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxyanthracene dehydrogenase). GC-MS analysis of
chloroform extracts obtained from coal degrading T. atroviride ES11 cultures showed the formation of only a limited number of specific compounds (4-hydroxyphenylethanol, 1,2-benzenediol,
2-octenoic acid), strongly suggesting that the intimate association between coal particles and fungal mycelia results in rapid
and near-quantitative transfer of coal depolymerisation products into the cell.
An erratum to this article can be found at |
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Keywords: | Low rank coal Biodegradation Trichoderma atroviride Intracellular enzymes |
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