动情周期中大鼠子宫和输卵管壁肥大细胞数量变化的研究

用放射免疫分析法对动情周期中大鼠血清雌二醇浓度进行检测；取子宫、输卵管常规石蜡切片、H－E染色，并用甲苯胺蓝染色显示肥大细胞，于光镜低倍视野下计数。结果显示：动物血清雌二醇浓度依次为：动情期（E）组＞动情前期（PE）组＞动情后期（ME）组＞动情间(DE)且，各组间差异均有显性；在子宫，肥大细胞分布于宫壁肌怪平滑肌束间的结缔组织内、近小血管处，以微血管周居多，常见单个散在，于ME子宫内膜尚偶见肥大细胞；输卵管肥大细胞局限于其外膜层内、近小血管周围，亦多散在。子宫、输卵管壁内的肥大细胞镜下呈圆形、椭圆形或略不规则形，胞浆内充满紫红色粗大颗粒，子宫肥大细胞数量依次为：ME＞DE＞PE＞E，各组间差异有生（DE与PE、PE与E，P＜0.05，余组间P＜0.01）；输卵管壁内肥大细胞数量各组间差异无显性（P＞0.05）。本尚对大鼠血清雌二醇水平波动与子宫、输卵管壁内肥大细胞数量变化的关系及其生理意义进行了讨论。

THE QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF MAST CELLS IN UTERUS AND OVIDUCT OF RAT IN ESTROUS CYCLE

The quantitative changes of mast cells and their physiological significance were explored in the uterus and oviduct of S.D rats in estrous cycle. Twenty animals were devided into 4 groups (diestrus, proestrus, estrus and metaestrus) by vaginal smear; the serum levels of estradiol during estrus cycle of rats were detected using radio-immunoassay; the paraffin sections of the uterus and oviduct of rats were stained using H.E and toluidine blue and the mast cells were measured.The results showed that the serum levels of estradiol were E>PE>ME>DE, the difference among each two groups were significant (PE and ME, P <0 05, the others were P <0 01); the mast cells were round, oval or irregular, they existed in the connective tissue of myometrium and tunica adventitla of the oviduct near small blood vessels, the numbers of mast cells in myometrium were ME>DE>PE>E, the differences among each two groups were significant (DE and PE, PE and E, P <0 05, the others were P <0 01), the numbers of mast cells in oviduct were also ME>DE>PE>E, but the differences among each two groups were not significant ( P <0 05).