新疆巩留野核桃林调查及其分析

新疆野核桃是我国珍稀的重要野生植物资源。在亚洲,成片分布仅在伊犁州巩留县野核桃沟自然保护区。为了更好地保护该珍贵资源,本研究对新疆巩留野核桃树的30cm处地径、树高、树皮光滑程度、树势、病(虫)害等方面进行调查,获取基础数据,并统计了野核桃沟不同沟系野核桃树的分布数量、幼树所占比例、病(虫)害分布状况。用树皮的光滑度分析其年龄结构,并进行野核桃树分布密度、年龄结构、生长势与环境的关系分析。结果显示,目前野核桃沟的野核桃树数量约有5500余株,30cm处地径小于10cm的幼树约占总株数的16%。分布在西沟和东沟的野核桃树约占总数的66%。野核桃林整体年龄结构基本合理,属于增长型群体结构。但病害的侵染,尤其是野核桃褐斑病、野核桃枝枯病的危害,严重影响了树木生长势。

Investigation and Analysis on the Wild Walnut in Gongliu, Xinjiang

Abstract: Xinjiang wild walnut was a rare and important wild plant resource in China. In Asia, a large area of Xingjiang wild walnutit was only distributed in sole wild walnut nature preservation areae and forest distribution in Gongliu county Xinjiang. In order to better protect the precious resources, this study investigated the wild walnut in Gongliu county xinjiang was investigated in this study, . The contents includeding the ground diameter in 30cm, tree height, and smoothness of bark, tree vigor, diseases and insect pests. Statistics of the distribution of wild walnut trees numbers in different valley, young trees proportion, diseases and insect pests distribution were investigated too. its age structure was analyzed through the smoothness of bark, and tThe relation between the distribution density, age structure, tree vigor and environment was also analyzed by its age structure via the smoothness of bark, . The results showed that there are about 5500 wild walnut trees in wild walnut valley, at present., Theabout 16% of which are young trees with ground diameter less than 10 cm in the 30cm less than 10 cm is young trees,, and the number of wild walnut trees in west valley, and east valley, accounted for about 66% of the total. The age structure of the whole Wwild walnut whole age structureforest is basic generally reasonable, and belongs to the growth group structure. But the infectionus diseases, especially wild walnut brown patch, and wild walnut branch blight disease harm, seriously impacted affected on the tree growth potential.