How Histone Deacetylases Control Myelination |
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Authors: | Claire Jacob Frédéric Lebrun-Julien Ueli Suter |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Biology,Institute of Cell Biology, ETH Zurich, ETH-H?nggerberg, HPM E39,Zürich,Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Myelinated axons are a beautiful example of symbiotic interactions between two cell types: Myelinating glial cells organize
axonal membranes and build their myelin sheaths to allow fast action potential conduction, while axons regulate myelination
and enhance the survival of myelinating cells. Axonal demyelination, occurring in neurodegenerative diseases or after a nerve
injury, results in severe motor and/or mental disabilities. Thus, understanding how the myelination process is induced, regulated,
and maintained is crucial to develop new therapeutic strategies for regeneration in the nervous system. Epigenetic regulation
has recently been recognized as a fundamental contributing player. In this review, we focus on the central mechanisms of gene
regulation mediated by histone deacetylation and other key functions of histone deacetylases in Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes,
the myelinating glia of the peripheral and central nervous systems. |
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