不同小麦品种氮效率和产量性状的研究

对29个冬小麦品种进行子粒产量和氮效率的研究，结果表明，在氮胁迫条件下，供试小麦品种的子粒产量具有明显差异。缺氮条件下子粒产量的聚类分析结果表明，供试品种可划分为氮高效、中效和低效三类，氮高效品种在其中所占比例较少。在缺氮条件（N-）下，不同氮效率品种成熟期植株全氮含量差异不大，植株氮素积累量、氮效率（NUE）、吸收效率（UPE）和利用效率（UTE）均以氮高效品种最高，中效品种次之，低效品种最低。缺氮条件下较强的氮索吸收和利用能力是氮高效小麦品种氮胁迫条件下高氮效率的主要原因。

Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield Traits in Different Wheat Varieties

The grain yields and nitrogen use efficiencies of 29 varieties were studied. The results indicated that there were huge differences on grain yields among the tested varieties. Based on the Cluster analysis of the grain yields from deficient-N condition, the tested varieties were classified into three categories, including high-N efficiency group, mid-N efficiency group and low-N efficiency group. The high-N efficiency group contained few tested varieties. Under deficient-N condition, there were little differences on total nitrogen content of plant at maturity stage among the tested wheat varieties. The nitrogen concentration of plant, biomass, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen uptake efficiency (UPE) and nitrogen utilization efficiency (UTE) were all the highest in varieties with high-N efficiency, then next in varieties with middle-N efficiency, and the lowest in varieties with low-N efficiency. The high efficiency of nitrogen in wheat under nitrogen stress condition comes from the higher acquisition capacity, assimilation and metabolic capacity.