水位提升和泥炭藓繁殖体移植对泥炭地植被恢复的影响

泥炭藓繁殖体移植是影响泥炭地植被恢复的重要因素之一,不同移植方式的效果往往缺乏比较研究。选取长白山区白江河退化泥炭地为研究地,以自然生境的丘间种喙叶泥炭藓(Sphagnum flexuosum)和藓丘种中位泥炭藓(S.magellanicum)(后者耐旱能力较强)为实验材料,通过野外移植实验,研究水位提升与不同泥炭藓繁殖体移植方式对退化泥炭地植被恢复的影响。数据分析显示:水位条件显著影响了喙叶泥炭藓和中位泥炭藓的建植,随着水位上升,地表湿度增加,两种泥炭藓的盖度均呈明显的上升趋势;移植方式的变化短期内对泥炭藓的建植作用并不明显,但在移植2个月后,移植方式对喙叶泥炭藓表现出显著影响,即耐旱能力较强的中位泥炭藓置于上层时,喙叶泥炭藓盖度最高;水位和移植方式不存在交互作用,即在低水位条件下,中位泥炭藓置于上层的移植方式也未能提升泥炭藓的建植盖度。研究表明,水位提升是泥炭地植被恢复的十分有效的手段,因物种间存在对水分保持的差异,采用合理植物繁殖体移植方式,将会明显提升植被恢复的成效。

Effects of Water Table Level Increase and Sphagnum Propagule Transplantation on Vegetation Restoration

Propagule transplantation of Sphagnum is one of the important factors affecting restoration of peatland vegetation, but the effect of transplantation modes on restoration success has lack of comparative research. The degraded peatland of Baijianghe in Changbai Mountains area was selected as the research site, and a hollow species S.flexuosum and a hummock species S.magellanicum(the latter with strong relatively drought tolerance) collected from natural habitats were chosen as experimental materials. We tried to study the effect of water table level increase and different transplant modes of Sphagnum propagule on vegetation restoration of the degraded peatland by field transplant experiment. Our data analyses showed that water table level significantly affected the establishment of S.flexuosum and S.magellanicum, and their cover increased obviously with water table level increase; transplantation mode had no effect on establishment of both Sphagnum after one month, but did have on that of S.flexusoum after two months meanwhile S.flexusoum gained greatest cover when it being transplanted first and covered by drought-tolerance species S.magellanicum; no interaction between water table level and transplantation mode was observed, namely the transplantation mode in which S.flexusoum was covered by S.magellanicum did not facilitate S.flexusoum establishment. Therefore, water table level increase is a very effective means of vegetation restoration in degraded peatlands and reasonable transplantation mode will promote restoration efficiency due to species-specific drought tolerance.