多伞阿魏的繁育系统及其生态适应性

多伞阿魏（Ferula ferulaeoides）是新疆特有的类短命植物，具有巨大的生态作用和潜在的经济价值。实验通过研究多伞阿魏的花部形态特征、繁殖系统及传粉昆虫，来阐明其对生态环境的响应。结果表明：（1）多伞阿魏花序花期一般持续10~15 d，单花花期为7~10 d，两性花呈现雌雄异位和雌雄异熟的现象；（2）其繁育系统类型为兼性异交，存在自交部分亲和，自然结果率较高，为72.24%；（3）传粉昆虫多种多样，其中以双翅目和膜翅目昆虫居多；（4）开花当天的花粉活力呈单峰曲线，在12：00时活力最高，柱头可授性在花药完全散粉后第2天最强。

A Study on Breeding Characteristics and Ecological Adaptability of the Ferula ferulaeoides

Ferula ferulaeoides is a endemic species of ephemeroid plant in Xinjiang. It has great ecological function and potential economic value. In this experiment, we studied the floral morphological characteristics, breeding system and pollination insects of F.ferulaeoides. To explain the mechanism about the adaptation of environment. The results showed that:(1)The F.ferulaeoides inflorescence anthesis lasted for 10-15 d and the single flower florescence was 7 days. Herkogamy and dichogamy were found in the hermaphroditic flower; (2)The type of breeding system was out-crossing mixed with self-pollination and the fruiting rate was 72.24% under natural conditions; (3)Many species of insects visited the flowers and most of them were Diptera and Hymenoptera; (4)The pollen viability on the first day of anthesis was highest at 12:00, the stigma receptivity was strongest after the second day of completely disseminating pollen.