芸苔属蔬菜小孢子胚状体再生成苗及倍性鉴定

研究影响大白菜、甘蓝和红菜薹小孢子胚状体再生成苗的几个生理因素的结果表明，在1．0％～1．2％的琼脂中胚状体再生成苗率显著高于0．8％琼脂的。4℃处理10d可显著提高大白菜和甘蓝胚状体再生成苗率。大白菜和红菜薹胚状体再生成苗的最适胚龄为20—29d，甘蓝则为30—35d。培养基B，和MS对再生成苗率影响不大。检测3种芸苔属蔬菜小孢子再生植株的倍性结果表明，大白菜和红菜薹小孢子植株自然加倍率较高，均超过70％；甘蓝较低，仅为30％左右。同一物种的不同品种间胚状体再生成苗所需的条件和加倍效率基本一致。

Plantlet Regeneration and Ploidy Determination of Microspore Embryoids in Brassica Vegetables

Several physiological factors of microspore embryoids for plant regeneration were investigated in Chinese cabbage, cabbage and purple flowering stalk. The results showed that the frequencies of plant regeneration on 1.0%-1.2% agar media was significantly higher than that in 0.8% agar media. 4 ℃ treatment greatly improved the regeneration frequency in Chinese cabbage and cabbage. The optimal stage of embryoids was 20 to 29 days for plant regeneration in Chinese cabbage and purple flowering stalk, whereas it was 30 to 35 days in cabbage. Nevertheless there were no significant effects of B5 or MS media on plant regeneration. The results of ploidy determination in three Brassica vegetables showed that there were higher doubled haploid frequency （over 70%） in Chinese cabbage and purple flowering stalk, but lower doubled haploid frequency （only about 30%） in cabbage. The results suggested that the culture conditions for plant regeneration and spontaneous diploidization efficiency among different varieties of the same Brassica species were identical.