湿沙催芽对脱毒马钤薯原种的生长及产量的影响

通过对脱毒荷兰马铃薯原原种(品种名：Favorita 拉丁名：Solanum tuberosum L．)在播种前进行的两种不同催芽处理的对比试验，发现湿沙催芽的种薯生长势及单株产量明显高于普通散射光催芽的种薯。湿沙催芽对种薯地上部生长的作用主要表现在：增加了地上部茎数；提高了茎的生长速率(单位时间内生长量)，植株高度明显高于昔通催芽的种薯；主茎叶龄的增长速率虽然相同，但经过湿沙催芽种薯主茎叶龄比未经湿沙埋藏处理的提前生长一片叶。湿沙催芽对种薯地下部分生长的作用主要表现在提高了单株结薯数和单个薯块的均匀度。在脱毒马铃薯种薯生产序列中(原原种→原种→生产种)湿沙催芽对马铃薯原种的薯块形体和产量具有积极的意义。

The Effect of Sprout-promotion of Virus-free Pre-basic Seed Potato in Moist Sand before Sowing upon Growth and Yield

This paper is to compare two different promoting techniques of sprout-promotion of virus-free pre-basic seed potato. The result revealed that moist sand treatment is much better than normal diffused light treatment with respect to growth vigor and plant yield. The moist sand treatment had increased stem numbers, growth rate of stem (growth yield per-unit time) and plant height. The growth rate of main stems are same, but the leaf age of the main stems are one leaf faster than normal treatment. It also increased the number of tubers and improved the evenness of the shape of tubers. In view of virus-free seed potato production sequence (virus-free pre-basic potato seed→primary virus-free seed-potato→commercial seed potato) moist sand treatment has a good effect on shape eveness and yield of primary virus-free seed-potato.