一株耐高温高盐亚硝化单胞菌特性的初步研究

从某污水处理站高温高盐外排水中分离出一株严格自养的特殊亚硝化单胞菌。它为革兰氏染色阴性，不产芽孢，细胞椭球形或短杆状，呈单个排列或排列成圆形、直线形，细胞大小为（0.7～0.9)μm×（1.2～1.8)μm。在扫描电镜下发现单个或多个菌体被绒毛状不明物质包裹。该菌株能将氨氮氧化成亚硝酸盐，导致体系中的总氮减少，但是氨氮的减少与亚硝酸盐的增加并不能形成对应，而体系中几乎检测不到硝酸盐氮。在分离菌株50℃培养12 d时，约有10％的NH＋4N转变为NO-2N，15％的NH＋4N未发生转变，剩下的75％的NH＋4N被去除，包括挥发掉的17％的NH＋4N。气相色谱分析表明，菌株培养过程产生气体中氮气含量较对照气体（室内空气）增加了3.5％。

Preliminary Study of Characteristics of a Special Nitrosomonas

A special obligately-autotrophic Nitrosomonas was isolated from high temperature and hypersaline drainage water obtained off a wastewater treatment plant. It was Gram-negative, nonsporulating, ellipsoidal or short-rod shaped bacterium that singly arranged or arranged in a circle or in a row. Cells were 0.7 to 0.9 microm wide and 1.2 to 1.98 microm long. Electron-microscopic scanning of these cells indicated that they were wrapped by unknown fluff-like matter. They oxidized ammonium to nitrite and caused the removal of nitrogen from the system. But the decrease of NH4+ -N did not accord with the increase of NO2 - -N and NO3- -N was almost not detected. After 12 d of cultivation at 50 degrees C, about 10% of the NH4+ -N was converted to NO2- -N, 15% remained as NH4+ -N, and the other 75% was removed from the system, including 17% of NH4+ -N volatilized.