基于功能性状的外来植物入侵预测模型框架构建

预测外来植物的潜在入侵性已成为生物多样性保护研究的重要内容,外来植物与乡土物种间的亲缘关系是预测外来植物能否成功入侵的一个重要途径。然而,达尔文归化难题却预测了两种截然不同的结果(即达尔文归化假说和预适应假说)。该研究解析了达尔文归化难题的内涵,提出了基于功能性状的外来植物与乡土群落间的相似性关系应该是进行外来植物入侵预测的重要切入点,而功能性状的种间分化与种内变异可能是外来植物成功入侵的两种不同生态策略。在此基础上,该研究还通过物种功能性状的多维超体积构建了外来植物与乡土群落间的相似性,提出了基于这种相似性的外来植物入侵预测的研究框架和基本流程。该模型框架的建立有助于理解外来植物的入侵机制,对外来植物的潜在入侵性预测提供了理论依据。当然,要实现外来植物能否成功入侵的准确预测,不仅依赖于功能性状的选择,还要考虑入侵的生境依赖性、空间尺度的重要性以及乡土群落的可入侵性等,未来的研究重点是通过控制实验对该模型进行验证和进一步完善。

Construction of model framework for invasion prediction of alien plants based on functional traits

Predicting the potential invasiveness of alien plants is important for biodiversity conservation study. The phylogenetic relationship between alien plants and native species is usually used to predict invasion, however, Darwin''s naturalization conundrum predicts two completely different results(i.e. Darwin''s naturalization hypothesis and Darwin''s preadaptation hypothesis). In this study, we analyzed the connotation of Darwin''s naturalization conundrum and suggested that the base of invasion prediction should be changed from a pairwise phylogenetic relationship between alien plants and native plants to the functional similarity between alien plants and native communities. The interspecific differentiation and intraspecific variation of functional traits may be different but not contradictory strategies of alien plants to achieve successful invasion. On this basis, this study constructed the functional similarity between alien plants and native communities through the multidimensional hypervolume of traits and putted forward the research framework and basic flow for invasion prediction based on the similarity. This construction of mechanism model framework helps understand the invasion mechanism and provides practical guidance for potential invasion prediction of alien plants. However, to accurate prediction of alien plants not only depends on the selection of functional traits, but also on the invasive habitat independence, the importance of spatial scales, and even the invasiveness of native communities. Future research is necessary to verify and improve the model through control experiments.