贵州侗族、仡佬族、土家族和彝族人群线粒体DNA多态性研究

从母系遗传的角度揭示世居贵州的侗族、仡佬族、土家族和彝族人群的的遗传结构和遗传分化关系,并对各民族的族源和迁徙进行初步的探讨。采用高变区序列分析与编码区PCR-RFLP分析相结合的方法对4个群体108例样本进行mtDNA多态性分析,共鉴定了37种(亚)单倍群,单倍群分布频率及主成分分析显示:侗族含有高比例的南方优势单倍群,表现出典型的南方群体特征;彝族兼有高比例的南北方优势单倍群,提示它同时具有南北方群体的一些母系遗传特征;彝族和仡佬族聚在一起,可能是由于历史上两个民族的先民曾发生过广泛的基因交流。

Genetic Polymorphism of Mitochondrial DNA in Dong, Gelao,Tujia, and Yi Ethnic Populations from Guizhou, China

To reveal the genetic structures and relationships of the four ethnic populations from the maternal inheritance and explore the origins and migrations of nationalities, the genetic polymorphism of mtDNA in Dong, Gelao, Tujia, and Yi populations from Guizhou was studied by direct sequencing of hypervariable segment I(HVS I) and PCR-RFLP of coding region. Thirty-seven (sub-) haplogroups were identified in the classification tree of mtDNA haplogroups. Haplogroup distributions and principal component (PC) analysis showed that the Dong has high frequencies of south-prevalent haplogroups, which indicates that it is a typically southern population. The Yi harbors high frequencies of the south-prevalent and northern-prevalent haplogroups, which demonstrates that it inherits the maternal characteristics from both southern and northern populations. The Yi and Gelao cluster together, the reason for which might be that their ancestries frequently underwent gene exchanges and mixtures.