Effects of exercise on plasma lipoprotein levels and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in young and old rats

Effects of treadmill exercise (1 h.day-1 for 12 weeks) on the mechanical properties of isolated aortae and plasma concentrations of low and high density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL-C]pl and HDL-C]pl, respectively) were investigated in young (16 weeks) and old (98 weeks) rats. With aging, LDL-C]pl increased and acetylcholine (ACh) elicited greater endothelium-dependent relaxations of the aorta in old rats than in young rats. Also, in all groups of rats tested (young, old, exercised and nonexercised), the increase in the LDL-C]pl correlated with an increase in the sensitivity of relaxation of the aorta to ACh. On the other hand, a greater HDL-C]pl was associated with a smaller relaxation response to ACh in young rats only when exercised and nonexercised groups were combined. The increase in HDL-C]pl with aging, however, did not correlate with the extent of ACh-induced relaxation. Exercise in old rats reduced LDL-C]pl and the extent of ACh-induced relaxation of the aorta. Therefore, LDL-C]pl appeared to be closely related to the extent of endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to ACh in the aorta. The LDL-C]pl also correlated with the gain in mass of the rat. Exercise in old rats reduced the body mass and was accompanied by a decrease in LDL-C]pl.