Galnon Facilitates Extinction of Morphine-Conditioned Place Preference but Also Potentiates the Consolidation Process |
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| Authors: | Xiaojie Zhao Keming Yun Ronald R Seese Zhenyuan Wang |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Forensic Science, Xi''an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi''an, Shaanxi, PR China.; 2. Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.; 3. School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China.; 4. Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, United States of America.; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Germany, |
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| Abstract: | Learning and memory systems are intimately involved in drug addiction. Previous studies suggest that galanin, a neuropeptide that binds G-protein coupled receptors, plays essential roles in the encoding of memory. In the present study, we tested the function of galnon, a galanin receptor 1 and 2 agonist, in reward-associated memory, using conditioned place preference (CPP), a widely used paradigm in drug-associated memory. Either before or following CPP-inducing morphine administration, galnon was injected at four different time points to test the effects of galanin activation on different reward-associated memory processes: 15 min before CPP training (acquisition), immediately after CPP training (consolidation), 15 min before the post-conditioning test (retrieval), and multiple injection after post-tests (reconsolidation and extinction). Galnon enhanced consolidation and extinction processes of morphine-induced CPP memory, but the compound had no effect on acquisition, retrieval, or reconsolidation processes. Our findings demonstrate that a galanin receptor 1 and 2 agonist, galnon, may be used as a viable compound to treat drug addiction by facilitating memory extinction process. |
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