新古尼异虫草石油醚提取物的成分分析

【背景】新古尼异虫草具有多种药理作用,是一种具有开发潜力的新资源。但该虫草仍有很多活性物质值得探寻,目前对该虫草活性物质的研究多集中于大分子或极性物质,对小分子或弱极性物质的研究关注甚少。【目的】研究新古尼异虫草石油醚提取物中非极性/弱极性小分子化合物,以期完善该虫草中活性物质的化学指纹图谱库。【方法】利用石油醚对新古尼异虫草进行索氏提取,借助傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术鉴定分析石油醚萃取物中的物质组成。【结果】FTIR表明该虫草石油醚萃取物中含有C-H、C=O、C-O和C=C等官能团,经GC-MS进一步分析鉴定出109种化合物,主要包括烷烃、芳烃、烯烃、酸、酯、醇、胺等化合物,且首次检出甾类、芳烃类、烷烃类、酰胺类、烯烃类和酚类非极性/弱极性的小分子化合物,其中亚油酸及其同分异构体的相对含量最高(38.33%)。【结论】从新古尼异虫草中提取得到多种小分子活性成分,补充了该虫草中的物质组成,为其高附加值利用提供数据支撑。

Active components of the petroleum ether extract from Metacordyceps neogunnii

Background] Metacordyceps neogunnii was a kind of new resource with the potential application value because it possessed multiple pharmacological functions. However, more active compounds were still worthy of exploring. The research of its active compounds mainly focused on macromolecular or polar compounds up to date, few studies were paid to micromolecular or weak-polar compounds. Objective] The non-polar or weak-polar small molecular compounds of the petroleum ether extracts from M. neogunnii were researched in this study, in order to improve the chemical fingerprint database of the active substances in the M. neogunnii. Methods] M. neogunnii were extracted with petroleum ether by soxhlet extraction. The substance components were identified and analyzed by fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results] According to FTIR, the analyses found that the components of extracts included the functional groups such as C?H, C=O, C?O and C=C; Through GC-MS method, 109 compounds including alkanes, arenes, olefins, acids, esters, alcohols, amines and others were identified. The non-polar or weak-polar small molecular compounds such as steroids, aromatics, alkanes, amides, olefins and phenols were discovered for the first time; And the relative contents of linoleic acid and its isomer were the highest, up to 38.33%. Conclusion] Many small active components from M. neogunnii were obtained by petroleum ether extraction, which supplemented the chemical composition and provided scientific data for high value-added utilization of M. neogunnii.