氮离子注入对蒙古黄芪多倍体诱导的影响

利用二倍体蒙古黄芪种子为材料，以低能氮离子束为诱变源，将化学诱导与物理诱变相结合，探索出一套高效的多倍体诱导新方法。研究结果表明：氮离子注入种子后表现出明显的生物学效应；氮离子注入与秋水仙素联合诱导黄芪多倍体的效果很明显。氮离子注入剂量为2.6×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm²，秋水仙素浓度为100 mg·L^-1，培养5 d诱导率最高为44.4%；氮离子注入剂量为5.2×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm², 秋水仙素浓度为150 mg·L^-1,培养10d的诱导率最高为46.2%；二者均高于对照组秋水仙素浓度为100 mg·L^-1培养15 d的最高诱导率13.9%。利用细胞染色体计数鉴定多倍体为四倍体。

Effect of N+ Implantation on the Inducement of Polyploid Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus(Bge.) Hsiao

A new method of improving induction rate of polyploid through chemical induction combined with physical mutation were proposed by using the diploid Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus(Bge.) Hsiao seeds as the materials and N⁺ beam as the mutagenic agent. The results indicated that N⁺ implantation showed significant biological effects. The effects of N⁺ implantation combined with colchicine on inducing polyploidy of Astragalus were obvious, 44.4% doubling rate was obtained by being treated by the combination of N⁺ ion implantation dose 2.6×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm² and colchicine concentration 100 mg·L^-1 for 5 d. The best result of 46.2% was obtained by using the combination of N⁺ implantation dose 5.2×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm² and colchicine concentration 100 mg·L^-1 for 10 d. They were higher than the control group of maximum induction rate 13.9% of colchicine concentration 100 mg·L^-1, treatment time 15 d. Cell chromosome identification results showed that the polyploid is tetraploid.