环境因子对真水狼蛛胚胎发育的影响

研究了温度、相对湿度和光照时间对真水狼蛛（Pirata piraticus）胚胎发育的影响。结果表明，温度不仅影响真水狼蛛胚胎发育的全过程，也对胚胎发育的各阶段有影响，在20℃-35℃范围内，随着温度的升高，胚胎发育加快，卵的发育起点温度为11.9℃，低温下，卵的孵化整齐度高温下要高，28℃时，孵化率最高。为探讨真水狼蛛胚胎发育的影响因子和合适条件，考虑温度、相对湿度和光照时间3个因子的综合作用，按照二次正交旋转组合设计的要求安排实验，得出了影响胚胎发育历期、胚胎成形率和孵化率的二次回归模型，并分析了其影响因子，利用孵化率的回归模型，得到了真水狼蛛卵孵化的最优条件为温度为27℃-28.5℃，相对湿度为94％－97％，光照时间为14－17h。

Effect of temperature, relative humidity and photoperiod on embryonic development and egg hatch of Pirata piraticus

In this paper, the effects of temperature, relative humidity and photoperiod on embryonic development and egg hatch of Pirata piraticus were investigated. Temperature affected not only the whole course of embryonic development, but also its different phases. At 20 degrees C-35 degrees C, as temperature increased, the embryonic development became faster. The developmental threshold of egg was estimated to be at 11.9 degrees C. The uniform degree of egg hatch was higher at low temperature, while the highest hatching rate was happened at 28 degrees C. In order to study the factors affecting embryonic development and to determine the optimum condition for egg hatch, experiments were arranged by quadratic regression rotation composite design with three factors: temperature (X1), relative humidity (X2) and photoperiod (X3). Three models were built up, and the factors affecting the embryonic development were analyzed. After calculating the hatching rate using the model of hatching rate by computer, the optimum condition for egg hatch of the spider was given: temperature 27 degrees C-28.5 degrees C, relative humidity 94%-97%, and photoperiod 14-17 h.