六盘山鸡爪大黄蒽醌类化合物积累特征的研究

采用多种组织化学方法研究了六盘山鸡爪大黄营养器官中蒽醌类化合物的积累特征.结果显示:蒽醌类化合物在根中分布于周皮的木栓层和栓内层、次生维管组织的维管射线和根中央的部分木薄壁细胞内,且维管射线是根中贮藏和积累蒽醌类化合物的主要组织;在根茎中分布于周皮的木栓层和栓内层、次生维管组织的形成层和维管射线,以及髓的异常维管束射线中,且维管射线是根茎中贮藏和积累蒽醌类化合物的主要组织;在茎中主要分布于表皮、近表皮皮层和维管束的维管束鞘及其薄壁细胞,大型和小型维管束之间和周围的部分薄壁细胞,以及髓射线中有不同程度的分布;在叶中主要积累在叶柄的表皮、叶柄和大叶脉的部分基本组织、维管束的部分薄壁细胞等部位.结果表明,六盘山鸡爪大黄的根和根茎是蒽醌类化合物贮藏和积累的主要器官,维管射线是其贮藏和积累的主要组织,而且各营养器官中蒽醌类化合物积累的数量与植物各相关器官组织的发育程度、细胞中含淀粉粒的多少存在着一定的相关性.

Accumulation Characteristics of Anthraquinones in Rheum tanguticum Maxim. et Balf. var. liupanshanense Cheng et Kao

The accumulation characteristics of anthraquinones in vegetative organs of the Rheum tanguticum Maxim.et Balf.var.liupanshanense Cheng et Kao have been studied with histochemical methods.The results were described as follows:(1) Anthraquinones exist in phellem and phelloderm of periderm and vascular rays of secondary vascular tissue and part of xylem parenchyma in root.The vascular rays of root are chief tissues which store and accumulate anthraquinones;(2) Anthraquinones also exist in phellem and phelloderm of periderm and cambium or vascular rays of secondary vascular tissue and rays of anomalous bundle in pith of root stock.The vascular rays of root stock are chief tissues which store and accumulate anthraquinones;(3) Epidermis and cortex near epidermis and bundle sheath of bundle and parenchyma in bundle and part of parenchyma between big bundle and small bundle and pith rays in stem accumulate anthraquinones;(4) Anthraquinones mainly accumulate in epidermis of petiole and part of basal tissue of petiole or big vein and part parenchyma of bundle in leaf.The results showed that the root and root stock of R.tanguticum var.liupanshanense are chief organs which store and accumulate anthraquinones,their vascular rays are chief tissues which store and accumulate anthraquinones,the amount of anthraquinones in vegetative organs is related with the tissue developing extent in organs and the amount of starch grain in cells.