邻位连接技术：一种新的高灵敏度蛋白质检测技术

蛋白质组学(proteomics)诞生以来，高效准确的蛋白质检测技术受到越来越多的关注.最近 ，一种高灵敏度的蛋白质检测技术，邻位连接技术(proximity ligation assay, PLA)被建 立.该技术采用核酸适体(aptamer)或单/多克隆抗体 核酸复合物作为邻位连接探针(proximity probes).当一对邻位探针同时识别同一个目标蛋白分子时，它们将在空间位置上相互临近，通过连接反应形成一段可扩增的DNA标签序列，该标签序列能够反映待测蛋白的种类及浓度.该技术将对蛋白质的检测转变为对DNA核酸序列的检测，实现了特殊蛋白质的检测，定量及定位.文章从该方法的产生背景，发展过程，原理以及探针制备等方面对该方法进行了系统的介绍，列举了该方法的几种重要应用，并对该方法在蛋白质组学研究领域的应用前景进行了展望.

Proximity Ligation Assay :A New and Highly Sensitive Protein Detection Method

Efficient and precise techniques for protein detection are crucial in proteomics studies. Recently, proximity ligation assay (PLA), a new protein detection technique in proteomics, was developed, and attracting more and more researchers inthe field. The proximity probes, aptamers or complexes of mono/polyclonal antibody with oligonucleotide, are designed to bind pairwise to target proteins and be able to give rise to an amplifiable DNA sequence tag by ligation when brought in proximity, which reflect the identities and amounts of the target proteins. This approach employs the analysis of DNA sequences instead of the direct detection of specific proteins, thus achieve high-sensitivity for the detection, quantification, and even localization of targeted proteins. The basic principle andthe potential applications of PLA, as well as some technical issues, such as the preparation of the proximity probes, will be discussed in this review.