气质联用结合多变量分析研究蜂蜜的挥发性成分

为探究不同蜜源蜂蜜中的挥发性标记物并籍以对这些蜂蜜进行有效区分,本研究优化了静态顶空气相色谱-质谱联用技术(SHS-GC-MS)检测蜂蜜中挥发性化合物的方法,采用此方法分析了油菜蜜、椴树蜜、荆条蜜和洋槐蜜等4种蜂蜜总计38份样品的挥发性成分,并结合主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析(CA)等对蜂蜜进行区分。研究结果表明,采用SHS-GC-MS共检测到23种化合物。4种蜂蜜的挥发性成分在物质种类或含量上存在明显差异,其中3-苯丙酸乙酯可作为油菜蜜的典型挥发性代谢物质;1-异丙烯基-3-甲基苯和反式玫瑰醚可作为椴树蜜的典型挥发性代谢物质;在荆条蜜和洋槐蜜中均未发现典型挥发性代谢物质。PCA可以将4种蜂蜜进行很好地区分,PC1、PC2和PC3累计贡献率达到77.3%,表明模型有效;当临界值取10时,CA可以将同种蜂蜜聚为一类。SHS-GC-MS检测的蜂蜜挥发性成分结果结合多变量分析,可用于区分不同蜜源蜂蜜。研究结果为蜂蜜溯源和鉴别提供了理论依据。

Determination of volatile compounds in honey using static headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and chemometrics

To explore volatile markers in honey from different sources and to distinguish these honey effectively,a static head- space-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( SHS-GC-MS) method was optimized for detecting volatile compounds in hon- ey,and the aroma compounds of 38 honey samples from four kinds of sources including rape,linden tree,chaste and acacia, were analyzed by this method combined with principal component analysis ( PCA) and cluster analysis ( CA). The results showed that a total of 23 compounds were detected by SHS-GC-MS and the volatile components of the four kinds of honey samples had significant differences in types or contents. Among them,Benzenepropanoic acid,ethyl ester is the typical meta- bolic substance of rape honey,Benzene,1-methyl-3-( 1-methylethenyl)-and trans-Rose oxide are the typical metabolic sub- stances of linden honey,and the typical metabolites are not found in the chaste honey and acacia honey. Four kinds of honey can be distinguished well by PCA,and the accumulative contribution rate of PC1,PC2 and PC3 reaches 77. 3%,indicating that the model is effective. When the critical value was taken as 10,the honey samples from same source can be well clustered by CA. Therefore,SHS-GC-MS combined with chemometrics can be used to distinguish honey of different sources and the re- search results provide theoretical basis for the traceability and identification of honey.