肿瘤免疫逃逸与T淋巴细胞关系的研究进展

阐明肿瘤免疫逃逸是防止肿瘤发生、诊断肿瘤发展以及治愈肿瘤的关键。肿瘤逃避免疫监视(immunosurveillance)已知与宿主免疫低下、T细胞无能,和肿瘤抗原缺失和调变、肿瘤漏逸、缺乏共刺激通路信号等相关,总结了近期研究进展,围绕肿瘤和T淋巴细胞相互关系,从T细胞对肿瘤识别和耐受、肿瘤下调识别分子导致活化T细胞丧失识别能力、肿瘤抵抗凋亡助其逃逸免疫、肿瘤通过抑制性受体和分子诱导T细胞无能耐受和凋亡、肿瘤细胞攻击T细胞逃避免疫、和肿瘤依赖Treg和MDSC抑制免疫等方面总结了理解思路,对肿瘤免疫消除(elimination)、免疫相持(equilibrium)和免疫逃逸(escape)三个阶段对抗T细胞免疫监视的机理提供参考,对肿瘤治疗具有重要意义。

The Research Progress on Tumor Immune Escape Built in Relations of Tumor and T Lymphocytes

Clarifying tumor immune escape is pivotal for preventing,diagnosis and treatment of tumor.Tumor evade immune surveillance was known associated with poor host immune,T cells anergy,deletions or modulations of tumor associate antigens,lack of co-stimulatory pathway signals and others related.The recent research progresses on tumor-T lymphytes relationship by which immune escape happened was summerized,and focused on T-cell recognition and tolerence to tumor,downregulation of recognition molecules caused defective recognition by activated T cells to tumor,tumor resistance to apoptosis,inhibitory receptors and inhibitory molecules induced T cell anergy and tolerability,tumor attack T cells,and tumor suppress by Tregs and MDSCs.It provided a vision to understand tumor immune escape in which immune elimination,immune equilibrium and escape happened,and was significant for understanding immune surveillance mechanism,for tumor therapy.