Metabolic syndrome in rheumatic diseases: epidemiology,pathophysiology, and clinical implications |
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Authors: | Prodromos I Sidiropoulos Stylianos A Karvounaris Dimitrios T Boumpas |
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Institution: | (1) Department Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital, Medical School, University of Crete, 1, Voules Str., Heraklion, 71110, Greece |
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Abstract: | Subjects with metabolic syndrome–a constellation of cardiovascular risk factors of which central obesity and insulin resistance
are the most characteristic–are at increased risk for developing diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In these subjects,
abdominal adipose tissue is a source of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, known to promote insulin
resistance. The presence of inflammatory cytokines together with the well-documented increased risk for cardiovascular diseases
in patients with inflammatory arthritides and systemic lupus erythematosus has prompted studies to examine the prevalence
of the metabolic syndrome in an effort to identify subjects at risk in addition to that conferred by traditional cardiovascular
risk factors. These studies have documented a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome which correlates with disease activity
and markers of atherosclerosis. The correlation of inflammatory disease activity with metabolic syndrome provides additional
evidence for a link between inflammation and metabolic disturbances/vascular morbidity. |
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