Overlapping functions of the starch synthases SSII and SSIII in amylopectin biosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Xiaoli Zhang Nicolas Szydlowski David Delvallé Christophe D'Hulst Martha G James Alan M Myers |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology,Iowa State University,Ames,USA;2.Center for Biostatistics, M200 Starling Loving Hall,The Ohio State University,Columbus,USA;3.Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR8576 du CNRS, IFR 147, Batiment C9,Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille,Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex,France |
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Abstract: | Background The biochemical mechanisms that determine the molecular architecture of amylopectin are central in plant biology because they
allow long-term storage of reduced carbon. Amylopectin structure imparts the ability to form semi-crystalline starch granules,
which in turn provides its glucose storage function. The enzymatic steps of amylopectin biosynthesis resemble those of the
soluble polymer glycogen, however, the reasons for amylopectin's architectural distinctions are not clearly understood. The
multiplicity of starch biosynthetic enzymes conserved in plants likely is involved. For example, amylopectin chain elongation
in plants involves five conserved classes of starch synthase (SS), whereas glycogen biosynthesis typically requires only one
class of glycogen synthase. |
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