Cold-water coral reef frameworks,megafaunal communities and evidence for coral carbonate mounds on the Hatton Bank,north east Atlantic |
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Authors: | J M Roberts L-A Henry D Long J P Hartley |
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Institution: | (1) Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, UK;(2) Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 5600 Marvin K. Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA;(3) British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3LA, UK;(4) Hartley Anderson Ltd., Blackstone, Dudwick, Ellon, Aberdeenshire, AB41 8ER, UK |
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Abstract: | Offshore banks and seamounts sustain diverse megafaunal communities, including framework reefs formed by cold-water corals.
Few studies have quantified environmental effects on the alpha or beta diversity of these communities. We adopted an interdisciplinary
approach that used historical geophysical data to identify topographic highs on Hatton Bank, which were surveyed visually.
The resulting photographic data were used to examine relationships between megafaunal communities and macrohabitat, the latter
defined into six categories (mud, sand, cobbles, coral rubble, coral framework, rock). The survey stations revealed considerable
small-scale variability in macrohabitat from exposed Late Palaeocene lava flows to quiescent muddy habitats and coral-built
carbonate mounds. The first reported evidence for coral carbonate mound development in UK waters is presented, which was most
pronounced near present-day or former sites of topographic change, suggesting that local current acceleration favoured coral
framework growth and mound initiation. Alpha diversity varied significantly across macrohabitats, but not between rock and
coral rubble, or between smaller grain sized categories of cobbles, sand and mud. Community composition differed between most
macrohabitats, and variation in beta diversity across Hatton Bank was largely explained by fine-scale substratum. Certain
megafauna were clearly associated with particular macrohabitats, with stylasterid corals notably associated with cobble and
rock habitats and coral habitats characterized by a diverse community of suspension-feeders. The visual surveys also produced
novel images of deep-water megafauna including a new photographic record of the gorgonian coral Paragorgia arborea, a species not previously reported from Rockall Plateau. Further interdisciplinary studies are needed to interpret beta diversity
across these and other environmental gradients on Hatton Bank. It is clear that efforts are also needed to improve our understanding
of the genetic connectivity and biogeography of vulnerable deep-water ecosystems and to develop predictive models of their
occurrence that can help inform future conservation measures.
An erratum to this article can be found at |
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Keywords: | Biodiversity Deep-sea coral Paragorgia arborea Lophelia pertusa Marine protected area Seismic survey |
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