Variations in the mechanical properties of Alouatta palliata molar enamel |
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Authors: | Laura A. Darnell Mark F. Teaford Kenneth J.T. Livi Timothy P. Weihs |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218;2. The University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104;3. Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205;4. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 |
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Abstract: | Teeth have provided insights into many topics including primate diet, paleobiology, and evolution, due to the fact that they are largely composed of inorganic materials and may remain intact long after an animal is deceased. Previous studies have reported that the mechanical properties, chemistry, and microstructure of human enamel vary with location. This study uses nanoindentation to map out the mechanical properties of Alouatta palliata molar enamel on an axial cross‐section of an unworn permanent third molar, a worn permanent first molar, and a worn deciduous first molar. Variations were then correlated with changes in microstructure and chemistry using scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe techniques. The hardness and Young's modulus varied with location throughout the cross‐sections from the occlusal surface to the dentin‐enamel junction (DEJ), from the buccal to lingual sides, and also from one tooth to another. These changes in mechanical properties correlated with changes in the organic content of the tooth, which was shown to increase from ~6% near the occlusal surface to ~20% just before the DEJ. Compared to human enamel, the Alouatta enamel showed similar microstructures, chemical constituents, and magnitudes of mechanical properties, but showed less variation in hardness and Young's modulus, despite the very different diet of this species. Am J Phys Anthropol 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
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Keywords: | hardness Young's modulus nanoindentation |
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