1型糖尿病的基因治疗进展

尽管皮下注射胰岛素、口服降糖药等可以缓解糖尿病患者的高血糖,但是这些治疗措施只是暂时性的,并不能从根本上彻底治疗糖尿病以及阻止其他并发症的发生。随着人们对糖尿病本质的深层次揭示和现代分子生物学手段的发展,针对由胰岛素分泌缺乏引起的1型糖尿病(T1D)基因治疗手段逐渐丰富。总结了胰岛素替代基因的直接导入,刺激新的β细胞再生以及阻止胰岛β细胞的自身免疫,抑制胰岛β细胞的凋亡等1型糖尿病的基因治疗新进展,并展望其未来发展方向。

Research updates of gene therapy for type I diabetes

Although a subcutaneous injection of insulin, oral hypoglycemic drugs both can ease high blood sugar in people with diabetes, but these treatments are only temporary, do not fundamentally treat and prevent other complications of diabetes. With deep understanding of the nature of diabetes and development of modem molecular biological, tools, gene therapies for type 1 diabetes （T 1D） caused by a lack of insulin secretion have been gradually elaborated. This article summarized the advances in T1D gene therapy such as transferring the insulin gene to stimulate new β cell formation and insulin secretion as well as to improve immunologic response or avoid immune destruction of β cells. This review also made prediction on the future of T 1D therapy.