Affiliation: | 1. U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A;2. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Arcata, CA, U.S.A;3. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, East Lansing Field Office, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A |