Yeast physiology — a micro-synopsis

An outline of the main features of yeast physiology is given which focusses mainly — but not exclusively — upon Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The metabolic processes of the cell related to carbon flux, energy production and the formation of reducing equivalents (NADH and NADPH) are discussed for both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Mechanisms are described by which metabolic processes can be controlled. A brief account of the life cycle of Saccharomyces is given explaining the difference between sporulation and vegetative growth. The Crabtree and Pasteur effects are defined, discussed and explained in relation to glucose metabolism and ethanol formation.