喀斯特石漠生态系统不同自然演替阶段中苔藓植物多样性特征分析

以“空间代替时间”方法研究了贵州喀斯特石漠地区植被自然恢复演替过程中各演替阶段苔藓植物的群落特征及苔藓植物物种α和β多样性指数。研究结果表明：该区共有苔藓植物群落21种,并以美灰藓（Eurohypnum leptothallum）为优势物种。苔藓植物α多样性指数随演替阶段的发展,表现出先下降、再反弹（藤刺灌丛阶段）、最后再次降低的变化趋势。苔藓植物Pielou均匀度指数的大小表现为：苔藓群落阶段（0.9392）〉 乔灌丛阶段（0.8675）〉 藤刺灌丛阶段（0.8651）〉 草灌丛阶段（0.7677）〉 草丛阶段（0.7676）。β多样性指数（Sorenson多样性指数）分析表明,苔藓植物群落随着演替阶段的发展,相同种类的数目随之减少,群落间相似性系数也逐渐降低。虽然苔藓植物群落在草丛阶段和藤刺灌丛阶段的相似性高于草丛阶段和草灌丛阶段之间的相似性系数,但总的相似性系数却呈现下降趋势。该研究结果可为喀斯特石漠生态系统演替的研究提供依据。

Analysis of Bryophytes Diversity Features in Various Successional Stages of a Karst Rocky Desertification Ecosystem

Using ＇space replacing time＇ method, we studied the characteristics of bryophyte communities, as well as the α diversity and β diversity indices of bryophytes in various successional stages in a karst rocky desertification region in Guizhou. Results showed 21 bryophyte communities, with Eurohypnum leptothallum the dominant species in this area. For successional stages, the α diversity index gradually changed, first showing a downward trend, then rebounding in the lianas and hostage stage, and at last continuing to decline. The Pielou index indicated bryophyte community stage （0.9392） 〉 arbor and shrubs stage （0. 8675） 〉 lianas and boscage stage （0. 8651 ） 〉 herbosa and boscage stage （0. 7677） 〉 herbosa stage （0, 7676）. For successional stages, the β diversity index （Sorenson index） showed consequent reduction in the number of the same species, and between communities the similarity coefficient gradually decreased. The similarity of bryophyte communities between the herbosa stage and lianas and boscage stage was higher than that of the herbosa stage and herbosa and boscage stage, but the total similarity coefficient showed a declining trend. This research can provide the basis for the study of succession in karst rocky desertification ecosystems.