Effect of long-term salinity on cellular antioxidants,compatible solute and fatty acid profile of Sweet Annie (Artemisia annua L.) |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110 025, India;2. Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110 062, India;3. Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110 062, India;1. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany;2. Centre de Physique Theorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Palaiseau, France;1. Asutosh College, 92 S P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700026, India;2. Raman Center for Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, 16A Jheel Road, Kolkata 700075, India;3. BE 267, Saltlake City, Kolkata 700064, India;1. Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India;2. Department of Biotechnology, BBK DAV College for Women, Amritsar, Punjab, India;3. Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Satellite campus Kargil, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India;1. Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China;3. Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China;1. Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P. O. Box 14115-336, Iran;2. Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Agricultural College, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran;3. Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran;4. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P. O. Box 14115-336, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Impact of long-term salinity and subsequent oxidative stress was studied on cellular antioxidants, proline accumulation and lipid profile of Artemisia annua L. (Sweet Annie or Qinghao) which yields artemisinin (Qinghaosu), effective against cerebral malaria-causing strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Under salinity (0.0–160 mM NaCl), in A. annua, proline accumulation, contents of ascorbate and glutathione and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) increased, but the contents of reduced forms of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate declined. The fatty-acid profiling revealed a major salinity-induced shift towards long-chain and mono-saturated fatty acids. Myristic acid (14:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1), linoleic acid (18:2) and erucic acid (22:1) increased by 141%, 186%, 34% and 908%, respectively, in comparison with the control. Contents of oleic acid (18:1), linolenic acid (18:3), arachidonic acid (22:0) and lignoceric acid (24:0) decreased by 50%, 17%, 44% and 78%, respectively. Thus, in A. annua, salinity declines ascorbate and GSH contents. However, increased levels of proline and total glutathione (GSH + GSSG), and activities of antioxidant enzymes might provide a certain level of tolerance. Modification in fatty-acid composition might be a membrane adaptation to long-term salinity and oxidative stress. |
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| Keywords: | Antioxidants Fatty acids Salinity |
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