微卫星位点DYS19在中国人群中的多态研究

以人DNA为模板，经PCR扩增后，用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离扩增片段，再经高灵敏度银染着色，对中国陕西汉族、广东汉族、宁夏回族、辽宁满族、四川彝族、西藏藏族、广西壮族、广西瑶族、新疆维吾尔族、湖南土家族等10个人群535名个体的Y染色体上微卫星位点DYS19的遗传多态性进行了研究。结果表明：中国人群中以等位基因C（194bp）为主要等位基因，基因频率范围在0.25-0.61；等位基因B（190bp）、D（198bp）次之，基因频率范围分别为0.08—0.36、0.06—0.42；而等位基因A（186bp）和E（202bp）频率较低，频率范围分别为0—0.07和0—0.38。在壮族中还检测出了一名携带F（206bp）等位基因的个体。中国人群DYS19等位基因的分布与蒙古人种群体以C型为主的结果相一致。X^2成对比较表明瑶族、藏族与大多数其它中国民族间DYS19表型分布存在差异（P< 0.05）或显著性差异（P< 0.01）。中国人群DYS19的基因频率至今在文献中尚未见报道。

A STUDY OF A POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITE LOCUS DYS19 IN CHINESE ETHNIC GROUPS

The distribution of a Y-chromo some specific polymorphic loucs, DYS19, in 535 males o f ten ethnic groups in China w as studied by using PCR method follow ed by PAGE and silver staining. The ten ethnic groups a re Han in Shanxi Province, Han in Guangdong Province, Hui in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, M an in Liaoning Province, Uygur in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Yi in Sichuan Province, Tibetan in Tibet Autonomous Region, Zhuang in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yao in Guang xi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Tujia in Hunan Province. The result show s that allele C ( 194bp) , frequency o f which rang es from 0. 25 to 0. 61, is predominant in Chinese populations; alleles B ( 190bp) and D ( 198bp) take the second place with the frequency ranging from 0. 08 to 0. 36 and 0. 06 to 0. 42, respectively; while alleles A ( 186bp ) and E ( 202bp) take the last place with the frequency ranging from 0 to 0. 07 and 0 to 0. 38, respectively. An individual carrying the allele F ( 206bp) was identified in Zhuang. The pairwise comparison with χ2 test reveals that there exists difference ( P < 0. 05) o r significant difference ( P < 0. 01) in DYS19 phenotype distribution between Yao、 Tibetan and most other Chinese populations. The allele frequency of DYS19 in Chinese ethnic groups has no t been reported so far.