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DNA structural variability as a factor in gene expression and evolution
Authors:M Conrad  S K Brahmachari  V Sasisekharan
Affiliation:1. Departments of Computer Science and Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202 U.S.A.;2. Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012 India;1. Institute of Medical Intelligence, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;2. Data Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;1. Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, 1984 Mathematics Road, BC V6T 1Z2, Vancouver, Canada;2. Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 E Mall, BC V6T 1Z3, Vancouver, Canada;1. Jodhpur City Knowledge and Innovation Cluster, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India;2. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India;3. Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India;1. Center for Research on Artificial Intelligence, University of Veracruz, Sebastián Camacho No. 5, Col. Centro, C.P. 91000, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico;2. Faculty of Physics, University of Veracruz, Circuito Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán s/n, Zona Universitaria, CP 91000, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico;3. Ph. D. Program on Science, Technology and Society (DCTS), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, Código Postal 07360 Apartado Postal: 14-740, 07000 México, D.F., Mexico;4. Institute of Biotechnology and Applied Ecology (INBIOTECA), University of Veracruz, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas No.101, Col. E. Zapata, C.P. 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico;5. Red Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, A. C. (INECOL), A.P. 63, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
Abstract:Redundant DNA can buffer sequence dependent structural deviations from an ideal double helix. Buffering serves a mechanistic function by reducing extraneous conformational effects which could interfere with readout or which would impose energetic constraints on evolution. It also serves an evolutionary function by allowing for gradual variations in conformation-dependent regulation of gene expression. Such gradualism is critical for the rate of evolution. The buffer structure concept provides a new interpretation for repetitive DNA and for exons and introns.
Keywords:
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