虎纹捕鸟蛛毒素虎纹毒素-III对美洲蜚蠊神经细胞电压门控离子通道的影响

HWTX-III是从中国虎纹捕鸟蛛Ornithoctonus huwena粗毒中分离纯化到的一种昆虫神经多肽。通过应用全细胞膜片钳技术研究了HWTX-III对美洲蜚蠊Periplaneta americana神经细胞电压门控离子通道的影响。发现HWTX-III特异性地抑制美洲蜚蠊背侧不成对中间(dorsal unpaired median, DUM）神经细胞的电压门控钠通道(IC50≈1.106 μmol/L)，而对电压门控钾通道没有明显的影响。HWTX-III通过一种新型的不同于其他蜘蛛毒素的机制抑制昆虫电压门控钠通道，它不影响通道的激活与失活动力学，也不明显地漂移稳态失活曲线。HWTX-III对昆虫神经细胞电压门控钠通道的特异性与新型作用机制为研究电压门控钠通道分子结构的多样性以及开发新的安全的杀虫剂提供有用的工具。

Effects of toxin huwentoxin-III from the venom of the Chinese bird spider,Ornithoctonus huwena (Araneae:Theraphosidae) on neuronal voltage-gated ion channels in cockroach Periplaneta americana

Huwentoxin-Ⅲ purified from the venom of the Chinese bird spider, Ornithoctonus huwena (Wang et al.), is an insect neurotoxic peptide. The effects of huwentoxin-Ⅲ on neuronal voltage-gated ion channels were studied by using whole-cell patch clamp technique. Huwentoxin-Ⅲ specifically inhibited voltage-gated sodium channels in dorsal unpaired median neurons of adult cockroach Periplaneta americana (IC50≈1.106 μmol/L) while having no evident effect on voltage-gated potassium channels. HWTX-Ⅲ inhibited insect voltage-gated sodium channels through a novel mechanism distinctive from other spider toxins, did not affect the activation and inactivation kinetics, and not evidently shift the steady-state inactivation curve. Thus, its specificity and novel mechanism on insect neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels make it an interesting tool for investigating the multiple molecular forms of voltage-gated sodium channels and exploiting new and safe insecticides.