微生物代谢尼古丁研究进展

尼古丁是多种烟草的主要生物碱 ,它既是一种精神药品也是一种环境毒物 ,有效地控制卷烟和环境中的尼古丁含量 ,对于维护人类健康有着重要意义。一些微生物可以不同的途径代谢尼古丁 ,它们具有降低烟草中尼古丁含量和处理卷烟加工产生的有毒废物的潜力 ,综述了节杆菌属细菌和假单胞菌属细菌代谢尼古丁的分子生物学机理及可代谢尼古丁微生物在烟草陈化、尼古丁手性分离和含有尼古丁的废物处理等方面应用的研究进展。

Research Development of Nicotine Catabolism in Microorganisms

Nicotine is a principal alkaloid in many breeds of tobacco. It is not only a drug but also an environmental toxicoid. So it is very important for human health to control nicotine content in cigarettes and environment. Some microorganisms are capable of catabolizing nicotine in different pathways. They have the potential to decrease the nicotine content in tobacco and process the waste accumulated in the manufacture of tobacco. The molecular biology mechanism of nicotine catabolism that is underway in the bacteria of Pseudomonas and Arthrobacter and the application of these micro-organisms in tobacco fermentation,nicotine chiral isomer separation and tobacco waste process were summarized.