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Analysis of deletion mutations of the rpsL gene in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae detected after long-term flight on the Russian space station Mir
Authors:Tsutomu Fukuda  Kohsai Fukuda  Akihisa Takahashi  Takeo Ohnishi  Tamotsu Nakano  Masaru Sato  Norio Gunge  
Institution:a Kumamoto Institute of Technology, Ikeda 4-22-1, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan;b Department of Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan;c National Space Development Agency of Japan, Tsukuba Space Center, 2-1-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
Abstract:Using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on board the Russian space station Mir, we studied the effects of long-term space flight on mutation of the bacterial ribosomal protein L gene (rpsL) cloned in a yeast-Escherichia coli shuttle vector. The mutation frequencies of the cloned rpsL gene on the Mir and the ground (control) yeast samples were estimated by transformation of E. coli with the plasmid DNAs recovered from yeast and by assessment of the conversion of the rpsL wild-type phenotype (SmS) to its mutant phenotype (SmR). After a 40-day space flight, some part of space samples gave mutation frequencies two to three times higher than those of the ground samples. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed no apparent difference in point mutation rates between the space and the ground mutant samples. However, the greater part of the Mir mutant samples were found to have a total or large deletion in the rpsL sequence, suggesting that space radiation containing high-linear energy transfer (LET) might have caused deletion-type mutations.
Keywords:Mutation  rpsL gene  Space radiation  Mir station  Running title  Yeast mutation in space
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