Efficient treatment of garbage slurry in methanogenic bioreactor packed by fibrous sponge with high porosity |
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Authors: | Kengo Sasaki Daisuke Sasaki Masahiko Morita Shin-ichi Hirano Norio Matsumoto Naoya Ohmura Yasuo Igarashi |
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Institution: | (1) Biotechnology Sector, Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-shi Chiba-ken, 270-1194, Japan;(2) Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan; |
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Abstract: | Adding a supporting material to a methanogenic bioreactor treating garbage slurry can improve efficiency of methane production.
However, little is known on how characteristics (e.g., porosity and hydrophobicity) of the supporting material affect the
bioreactor degrading garbage slurry. We describe the reactor performances and microbial communities in bioreactors containing
hydrophilic or hydrophobic sheets, or fibrous hydrophilic or hydrophobic sponges. The porosity affected the efficiency of
methane production and solid waste removal more than the hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of the supporting material. When
the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was used at a lower organic loading rate (OLR), microbial
diversities in the suspended fraction were retained on the hydrophobic, but not the hydrophilic, sheets. Moreover, real-time
quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed at a higher OLR revealed that the excellent performance of reactors
containing fibrous sponges with high porosity (98%) was supported by a clear increase in the numbers of methanogens on these
sponges, resulting in larger total numbers of methanogens in the reactors. In addition, the bacterial communities in fractions
retained on both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fibrous sponges differed from those in the suspended fraction, thus increasing
bacterial diversity in the reactor. Thus, higher porosity of the supporting material improves the bioreactor performance by
increasing the amount of methanogens and bacterial diversity; surface hydrophobicity contributes to maintaining the suspended
microbial community. |
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